Short- and long-term efficacy of levamisole as adjunctive therapy in childhood nephrotic syndrome.

Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association
Olivia BoyerMichael J G Somers

Abstract

Many children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (NS) have significant sequelae despite steroid-sparing therapies. Levamisole may reduce short-term relapse frequency (RF) with minimal side effects. Little data exist, however, as to its long-term effect. To assess both short- and long-term efficacy in NS, RF and cumulative annual steroid burden were quantified in ten consecutive children with steroid-dependent NS treated with levamisole. Data were analyzed for three time periods: 1 year prior to levamisole therapy (Pre-Lev), during 1 year of levamisole therapy (During-Lev), and the year after cessation of all levamisole therapy (Off-Lev). Median RF fell from 6.0 (4.0-9.0) relapses/patient per year Pre-Lev to 0.0 (0.0-4.0) During-Lev (p = 0.002) with 6/10 patients having no relapse and 0.5 (0.0-8.0) Off-Lev (p = 0.01) with 5/10 patients without relapse. Concurrently, cumulative annual steroid burden fell from 6,067 (1,660-8,691) mg/m(2) per year Pre-Lev to 2,920 (782-5,271) During-Lev (p = 0.002) and 716 (0-3,637) Off-Lev (p = 0.002). In 4/5 hypertensive children, blood pressure normalized During-Lev. Somatic indices also improved: height Z scores, which fell from 0.8 (-2.4 to 3.6) at diagnosis to -0.6 (-2.7 to 0.4) Pre-Le...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 15, 2011·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Seyed Taher EsfahaniMohammad-Hasan Moradinejad
Jun 21, 2012·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Wenjing WangAi'min Liu
Jul 25, 2012·International Urology and Nephrology·Ahmet Taner ElmasOzlem Nalbantoğlu Elmas
Jun 1, 2012·Kidney International Supplements
May 7, 2015·Diagnostic Pathology·Amber L Nolan, Kuang-Yu Jen
Jul 13, 2017·American Journal of Nephrology·Dario RoccatelloElisa Menegatti
Apr 23, 2014·American Journal of Nephrology·Andreas KronbichlerMichael Rudnicki
Mar 17, 2017·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Asiri S AbeyagunawardenaShamali Abeyagunawardena
Feb 22, 2021·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Martin T Christian, Andrew P Maxted

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