Short-term but not long-term exposure to an enriched environment facilitates the extinction of aversive memory.

Behavioural Brain Research
Karenine M H CavalcanteJosé R Santos

Abstract

Environmental enrichment (EE) has been used to investigate behavioral changes and neuroplasticity in brain in normal and pathological conditions. Besides, the EE has been used to understand the neurobehavioral systems involved in learning experiences, visual inputs, defensive responses, social interactions and memory. However, the required exposure duration to remove aversive memories remains lacking. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the time-course effect of EE exposure on the extinction of aversive memory. Young adult male Wistar rats were exposed to two different EE protocols: short-term environmental enrichment (EE2 - animal kept under enriched conditions for two weeks) and long-term environmental enrichment (EE4 - animal kept under enriched conditions for four weeks). The contextual fear conditioning test was used to assess aversive memory. The both EE protocols provide changes in Zif-268 immunoreactivity in mesocorticolimbic areas such as CA1 and central amygdala; however, only short-term EE reduces the ZIF-268 immunoreactivity in VTA. Besides, both EE protocols also provide an increase in TH immunoreactivity in VTA and nucleus accumbens, but only the short-term EE modifies the TH immunoreact...Continue Reading

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