Sidestream smoke effects on lung morphology and C-fibers in young guinea pigs

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
J P JoadK E Pinkerton

Abstract

Children raised in homes with smokers have more frequent respiratory symptoms, decreased lung function, and increased airway reactivity. This study was designed to evaluate whether chronic exposure of developing guinea pigs to sidestream smoke (SS) would impair lung function and morphology and/or change the activity of a pulmonary defense mechanism, the local bronchopulmonary C-fiber system. Duncan-Hartley guinea pigs (n = 29) were exposed to filtered air (FA) or to SS for 6 h/day, 5 days/week from 8 to about 43 days of life. Their lungs were then studied in an isolated buffer perfused system where increasing doses of capsaicin (a C-fiber stimulant) or substance P (SP, a C-fiber neurotransmitter) were injected into the pulmonary artery. SS exposure significantly increased baseline dynamic compliance (Cdyn) by 17% but did not change baseline pulmonary resistance (RL). SS exposure reduced the capsaicin-induced change in RL and Cdyn but did not change lung responsiveness to SP. SS exposure did not change fixed lung volume, surface area, mean linear intercept length, or elastin deposition. We conclude that SS exposure to developing guinea pigs (1) increased lung compliance without affecting alveolar size or elastin deposition and (...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 1, 1997·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology·H WitschiK E Pinkerton
Dec 3, 2003·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Jesse P JoadAnn C Bonham
Dec 17, 2002·Journal of Applied Physiology·Fadi XuLu-Yuan Lee

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