Significance of wall structure, macromolecular composition, and surface polymers to the survival and transport of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Michael B JenkinsWilliam C Ghiorse

Abstract

The structure and composition of the oocyst wall are primary factors determining the survival and hydrologic transport of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts outside the host. Microscopic and biochemical analyses of whole oocysts and purified oocyst walls were undertaken to better understand the inactivation kinetics and hydrologic transport of oocysts in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Results of microscopy showed an outer electron-dense layer, a translucent middle layer, two inner electron-dense layers, and a suture structure embedded in the inner electron-dense layers. Freeze-substitution showed an expanded glycocalyx layer external to the outer bilayer, and Alcian Blue staining confirmed its presence on some but not all oocysts. Biochemical analyses of purified oocyst walls revealed carbohydrate components, medium- and long-chain fatty acids, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Purified walls contained 7.5% total protein (by the Lowry assay), with five major bands in SDS-PAGE gels. Staining of purified oocyst walls with magnesium anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid indicated the presence of hydrophobic proteins. These structural and biochemical analyses support a model of the oocyst wall that is variably impermeable and resistant t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 15, 2011·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Xiaodong Gao, Jon Chorover
Dec 14, 2011·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Aurélien DumètreIsabelle Villena
Jun 19, 2012·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Heidi H PetersenAnders Dalsgaard
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Aug 31, 2016·Environmental Technology·Priscila Ribeiro Dos Santos, Luiz Antonio Daniel
Jun 30, 2019·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Tooba SarkhoshSabrina S Jedlicka
Jan 15, 2020·European Journal of Microbiology & Immunology·Elisabetta GeraceCarmelo Biondo
Jul 23, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Shengyong FengHongxuan He
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Jun 14, 2020·Acta Parasitologica·Neliane Cristina MoreiraMárcia Benedita de Oliveira-Silva
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Jul 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ángela García-GilJavier Marugán
Jul 2, 2021·Tropical Parasitology·Anusha GururajanParismita Borah

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