Silencing the alarms: Innate immune antagonism by rotavirus NSP1 and VP3

Virology
Marco MorelliJohn T Patton

Abstract

The innate immune response involves a broad array of pathogen sensors that stimulate the production of interferons (IFNs) to induce an antiviral state. Rotavirus, a significant cause of childhood gastroenteritis and a member of the Reoviridae family of segmented, double-stranded RNA viruses, encodes at least two direct antagonists of host innate immunity: NSP1 and VP3. NSP1, a putative E3 ubiquitin ligase, mediates the degradation of cellular factors involved in both IFN induction and downstream signaling. VP3, the viral capping enzyme, utilizes a 2H-phosphodiesterase domain to prevent activation of the cellular oligoadenylate synthase (OAS)/RNase L pathway. Computational, molecular, and biochemical studies have provided key insights into the structural and mechanistic basis of innate immune antagonism by NSP1 and VP3 of group A rotaviruses (RVA). Future studies with non-RVA isolates will be essential to understand how other rotavirus species evade host innate immune responses.

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Citations

Aug 3, 2016·Annual Review of Virology·Susana LópezCarlos F Arias
Jan 25, 2018·Viruses·Harshad IngleMegan T Baldridge
Mar 25, 2016·Journal of Virology·Michelle M Arnold
Aug 4, 2019·Journal of Virology·Julia R DillerKristen M Ogden
Aug 20, 2019·Cellular Microbiology·Urbi MukhopadhyayMamta Chawla-Sarkar
Oct 28, 2019·Journal of Virology·Takahiro KawagishiTakeshi Kobayashi
Apr 24, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Upayan PatraMamta Chawla-Sarkar
Dec 14, 2018·Journal of Virology·Yuta KanaiTakeshi Kobayashi
Oct 22, 2020·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·José M RojasNoemí Sevilla
Mar 25, 2021·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Yuhao LiMegan T Baldridge
Sep 11, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Shih-Ching LinMary K Estes
Apr 3, 2021·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Erika FaberAlri Pretorius
Jul 6, 2021·Virus Research·Sarah CaddyUlrich Desselberger
Apr 17, 2015·Journal of Virology·Kristen M OgdenB V Venkataram Prasad

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear translocation
ubiquitination
two-hybrid
GTase

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