Silicosis prevalence and exposure-response relations in South African goldminers

Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Gavin J ChurchyardJ E Myers

Abstract

To measure the prevalence of silicosis among black migrant contract workers on a South African goldmine and to investigate exposure-response relations with silica dust. In a cross sectional study, 520 black goldminers (aged >37 years) were interviewed and had chest radiographs taken. Silicosis was defined as International Labour Organisation Classification radiological profusion of 1/1 or greater. Mean length of service was 21.8 years (range 6.3-34.5). The mean intensity of respirable dust exposure was 0.37 mg/m3 (range 0-0.70) and of quartz 0.053 mg/m3 (range 0-0.095). The prevalence of silicosis was 18.3-19.9% depending on reader. Significant trends were found between the prevalence of silicosis and length of service, mean intensity of exposure, and cumulative exposure. Results confirm a large burden of silicosis among older black workers in the South African goldmining industry, which is likely to worsen as such miners spend longer periods in continuous employment in dusty jobs. An urgent need for improved dust control in the industry is indicated. If the assumption of stability of average dust concentrations on this mine over the working life of this group of workers is correct, these workers developed silicosis while expos...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1993·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·E Hnizdo, G K Sluis-Cremer
Feb 1, 1996·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·J MurrayP Reid
Jan 21, 2000·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·I A Greaves
Dec 19, 2000·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·W ChenW E Wallace
Sep 25, 2002·The Annals of Occupational Hygiene·G W Gibbs, R S J Du Toit
Nov 1, 2002·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·D Sherson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 22, 2010·Archives of Toxicology·Shambhoo Sharan TripathiBholanath Paul
Jul 7, 2011·Journal of Public Health Policy·Jill MurrayDavid Rees
Jun 28, 2008·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Amy K MadlDennis J Paustenbach
Feb 25, 2006·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·J M teWaternaudeJ E Myers
Jun 15, 2007·Tobacco Control·M Y N C K CheyipJ Murray
Mar 3, 2010·Environmental Health Perspectives·Gill NelsonJill Murray
Oct 27, 2010·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Joseph Saragusty, Amir Arav
Sep 2, 2015·Chest·Ltc Daniel E BanksSurinder K Jindal
May 12, 2012·Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)·Suchita RaghuvanshiSangeeta Shukla
Jun 21, 2008·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·Brendan V Girdler-BrownGavin J Churchyard
Jul 1, 2009·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·David ReesPam Sonnenberg
Nov 3, 2009·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·Harriet H ParkRodney I Ehrlich
Sep 28, 2005·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·James F CollinsGeorge V Alexeeff
Apr 22, 2015·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene·Perry GottesfeldJeffrey Dalhoff
Jan 9, 2014·International Journal of Health Services : Planning, Administration, Evaluation·Ashwin DharmadhikariSalmaan Keshavjee
Dec 29, 2013·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene·Dave K VermaKaren des Tombe
Jul 28, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Rebecca H ChisholmMark M Tanaka
Nov 29, 2015·Human & Experimental Toxicology·W UtembeM Gulumian
May 19, 2017·New Solutions : a Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy : NS·Pieter de JagerKaren Hofman
Sep 22, 2018·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·Rodney EhrlichDavid Rees
Sep 9, 2006·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·Ana Paula Scalia CarneiroFrancesco Forastiere
Oct 20, 2007·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·Lap Ah TseIgnatius Tak Sun Yu
Jun 24, 2018·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Ntombizodwa NdlovuJill Murray
Feb 15, 2017·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·Ana Paula S CarneiroNathalie Chérot-Kornobis
Jul 13, 2018·BMC Public Health·Kim BlochRodney Ehrlich
Feb 23, 2019·New Solutions : a Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy : NS·Jonathan Smith, Paul Blom
Sep 11, 2019·Occupational Medicine·C WenH Xu
Aug 6, 2008·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Patrick HayumbuRosa Key-Schwartz
Jan 9, 2021·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine·Rajen N Naidoo, Mohamed F Jeebhay
May 11, 2021·Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health·Shivkumar S PrajapatiSarang V Dhatrak
Jun 16, 2021·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Caroline Portela PeruzziSolange Cristina Garcia
Aug 5, 2021·Annals of Work Exposures and Health·Perry Gottesfeld, Norman Nkuzi Khoza

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.