Simple Approaches to Minimally-Instrumented, Microfluidic-Based Point-of-Care Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests

Biosensors
Michael MaukHaim H Bau

Abstract

Designs and applications of microfluidics-based devices for molecular diagnostics (Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests, NAATs) in infectious disease testing are reviewed, with emphasis on minimally instrumented, point-of-care (POC) tests for resource-limited settings. Microfluidic cartridges ('chips') that combine solid-phase nucleic acid extraction; isothermal enzymatic nucleic acid amplification; pre-stored, paraffin-encapsulated lyophilized reagents; and real-time or endpoint optical detection are described. These chips can be used with a companion module for separating plasma from blood through a combined sedimentation-filtration effect. Three reporter types: Fluorescence, colorimetric dyes, and bioluminescence; and a new paradigm for end-point detection based on a diffusion-reaction column are compared. Multiplexing (parallel amplification and detection of multiple targets) is demonstrated. Low-cost detection and added functionality (data analysis, control, communication) can be realized using a cellphone platform with the chip. Some related and similar-purposed approaches by others are surveyed.

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Mar 7, 2019·Sensors·Jasmina VidicIvana Gadjanski
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Apr 4, 2021·Micromachines·Simon M Scott, Zulfiqur Ali
Jul 16, 2021·Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Jörn GlöklerMarcus Frohme

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chip
nucleic acid amplification
nucleic
PCR
nucleic acid capture
chips
membrane filtration
surface plasmon resonance
biopsies

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