Simulated auditory nerve axon demyelination alters sensitivity and response timing to extracellular stimulation

Hearing Research
Jesse M ResnickJ T Rubinstein

Abstract

Since cochlear implant function involves direct depolarization of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) by applied current, SGN physiological health must be an important factor in cochlear implant (CI) outcomes. This expected relationship has, however, been difficult to confirm in implant recipients. Suggestively, animal studies have demonstrated both acute and progressive SGN ultrastructural changes (notably axon demyelination), even in the absence of soma death, and corresponding altered physiology following sensorineural deafening. Whether such demyelination occurs in humans and how such changes might impact CI function remains unknown. To approach this problem, we incorporated SGN demyelination into a biophysical model of extracellular stimulation of SGN fibers. Our approach enabled exploration of the entire parameter space corresponding to simulated myelin diameter and extent of fiber affected. All simulated fibers were stimulated distally with anodic monophasic, cathodic monophasic, anode-phase-first (AF) biphasic, and cathode-phase-first (CF) biphasic pulses from an extracellular disc electrode and monitored for spikes centrally. Not surprisingly, axon sensitivity generally decreased with demyelination, resulting in elevated th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 10, 2019·Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO·Yoojin ChungBertrand Delgutte
Apr 6, 2019·Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO·Kelly N Jahn, Julie G Arenberg
Jun 5, 2019·Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO·Tobias GoehringRobert P Carlyon
Aug 3, 2019·Trends in Hearing·Kelly N Jahn, Julie G Arenberg
Feb 6, 2020·Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO·Quentin MesnildreyOlivier Macherey
Aug 25, 2020·Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO·François GuéritRobert P Carlyon
Nov 6, 2020·Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO·Tim BrochierRobert P Carlyon
Mar 27, 2021·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Kelly N JahnJulie G Arenberg
Aug 26, 2021·Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO·Robert P Carlyon, Tobias Goehring

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