Simulated dermal contamination with capillary samples and field cholinesterase biomonitoring

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
K L YuknavageC E Furlong

Abstract

The extensive international use of organophosphorus compounds (OP) results in numerous acute intoxications each year. OPs inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. The World Health Organization recognizes cholinesterase (ChE) biomonitoring as a preventive measure against OP overexposure. The aim of this study was to determine if dermal OP contamination could interfere with current field ChE biomonitoring assays, which use a fingerstick blood sample. In this study we also sought to determine if high levels of a plasma enzyme, A-esterase, could protect ChE from inhibition by hydrolyzing environmentally generated oxons potentially present in a fingerstick sample. A heparinized venous blood sample was collected from a volunteer. Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (PChE) activities were measured using a field-based colorimetric cholinesterase kit. ChE dose-response curves were constructed by allowing 10-microliters blood samples to contact environmentally realistic levels of OP thioate and oxon for 10 s. An inhibition threshold could not be established for PChE when exposed to oxon within the time necessary to perform a fingerstick...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 26, 2010·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Gary GinsbergBabasaheb Sonawane
Jun 16, 2011·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Toby B ColeClement E Furlong
Aug 30, 2008·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·David L EatonPeter S Spencer
Mar 8, 2005·Drug Metabolism Reviews·Ernest Hodgson, Randy L Rose
Aug 21, 2003·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·Lidwien A M SmitWim van der Hoek
Oct 16, 2007·Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology·Clement E Furlong
Jan 10, 2003·Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of Exposure, Response, and Susceptibility to Chemicals·Lucio G CostaClement E Furlong
Dec 17, 2008·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Rebecca J RichterClement E Furlong

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