Single-cell analysis clarifies mosaic color development in purple hydrangea sepal.

The New Phytologist
Kumi YoshidaTadao Kondo

Abstract

Hydrangea sepals exhibit a wide range of colors, from red, through purple, to blue; the purple color is a color mosaic. However, all of these colors are derived from the same components: simple anthocyanins, 3-O-glycosyldelphinidins, three co-pigment components, acylquinic acids and aluminum ions (Al3+ ). We show the color mosaic is a result of graded differences in intravacuolar factors. In order to clarify the mechanisms of mosaic color, we performed single-cell analyses of vacuolar pH, and anthocyanin, co-pigment and Al3+ content. From the sepals, a protoplast mixture of various colors was obtained. The cell color was evaluated by microspectrophotometry and vacuolar pH then was recorded by using a pH microelectrode. The organic and Al3+ contents were quantified by micro-HPLC. We found that the bluer the cell, the greater the ratio of 5-O-acylquinic acids and Al3+ to anthocyanins. Furthermore, reproducing experiments were conducted by mixing the components under various pH condition; all the colors could be reproduced in the various mixing conditions. Based on the above, we provide experimental evidence for cell color variation in hydrangea. Our study demonstrates the expression of phenotypic differences without any direct ge...Continue Reading

References

May 30, 2001·Trends in Plant Science·J F MaE Delhaize
May 4, 2006·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Erich Grotewold
Oct 1, 1938·The Biochemical Journal·W J LawrenceR Robinson
Dec 21, 2006·Plant & Cell Physiology·Kazuaki ShojiKumi Yoshida
May 8, 2009·Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry·Daisuke ItoKumi Yoshida
Jun 26, 2009·Natural Product Reports·Kumi YoshidaTadao Kondo
Sep 14, 2010·Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry·Yoshikazu TanakaSteve Chandler
May 27, 2015·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Kin-ichi OyamaKumi Yoshida
May 14, 2016·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Casper J van der KooiDoekele G Stavenga
Jun 14, 2018·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Takaaki ItoKumi Yoshida
Apr 2, 2019·Scientific Reports·Takaaki ItoKumi Yoshida

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Citations

Feb 11, 2021·Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences·Kumi YoshidaTadao Kondo
May 1, 2021·Plants·Alan HoughtonCathie Martin
Jun 22, 2021·Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources·Jing LiChang-Le Ma
Jul 17, 2021·Frontiers in Plant Science·Carolina Granados MendozaMarie-Stéphanie Samain
Oct 26, 2021·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Nuno BasílioFernando Pina

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