Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling of Human Pancreatic Islets in Health and Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract
Hormone-secreting cells within pancreatic islets of Langerhans play important roles in metabolic homeostasis and disease. However, their transcriptional characterization is still incomplete. Here, we sequenced the transcriptomes of thousands of human islet cells from healthy and type 2 diabetic donors. We could define specific genetic programs for each individual endocrine and exocrine cell type, even for rare δ, γ, ε, and stellate cells, and revealed subpopulations of α, β, and acinar cells. Intriguingly, δ cells expressed several important receptors, indicating an unrecognized importance of these cells in integrating paracrine and systemic metabolic signals. Genes previously associated with obesity or diabetes were found to correlate with BMI. Finally, comparing healthy and T2D transcriptomes in a cell-type resolved manner uncovered candidates for future functional studies. Altogether, our analyses demonstrate the utility of the generated single-cell gene expression resource.
References
Citations
Age-related islet inflammation marks the proliferative decline of pancreatic beta-cells in zebrafish
GPR68, a proton-sensing GPCR, mediates interaction of cancer-associated fibroblasts and cancer cells
Type 2 diabetes-associated variants of the MT2 melatonin receptor affect distinct modes of signaling
Genetic variant effects on gene expression in human pancreatic islets and their implications for T2D
Glucose and amino acid metabolism in mice depend mutually on glucagon and insulin receptor signaling
A review of computational strategies for denoising and imputation of single-cell transcriptomic data
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