Single-dose azithromycin prevents trichiasis recurrence following surgery: randomized trial in Ethiopia

Archives of Ophthalmology
S K WestT C Quinn

Abstract

Trichiasis recurrence following surgery is a serious problem for trachoma programs. To determine if postoperative treatment with azithromycin compared with topical tetracycline reduces recurrence up to 1 year, and if azithromycin treatment of household members provides additional benefit compared with treating only the surgical patient. A randomized, single-masked, clinical trial was conducted in Ethiopia. A total of 1452 patients with trichiasis were randomized 1:1:1 to the following 3 arms: single-dose (1 g) oral azithromycin alone, single-dose azithromycin for household members (20 mg/kg up to 1 g) plus the patient, or topical tetracycline (twice per day for 6 weeks). Trichiasis recurrence within 1 year following surgery. The combined azithromycin groups had significantly fewer recurrences, 6.9 of 100 person-years overall, compared with topical tetracycline, 10.3 of 100 person-years (P = .047). There was no additional reduction in the arm that also treated household members, 8.1 of 100 person-years, compared with treating the surgical patients alone, 5.8 of 100 person-years (P = .19). In trachoma-endemic areas, a single dose of azithromycin reduced postoperative trichiasis recurrence rates by one third compared with topical ...Continue Reading

Citations

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