Six Races of Venturia inaequalis are Found Causing Apple Scab in Spain

Plant Disease
A Martínez-Bilbao, J Murillo

Abstract

Apple scab, caused by the ascomycete Venturia inaequalis, is an important disease of apple (Malus domestica) worldwide and is generally managed with intensive applications of fungicides or, for specific markets, by planting of resistant cultivars. Currently, eight races of the pathogen have been defined on the basis of their ability to overcome sources of resistance used by plant breeders (2). We undertook the identification of apple scab races present in Spain as a necessary step for the deployment of resistant cultivars. Spore suspensions (2.5 × 105 spores per ml) were prepared from fresh lesions of apple scab collected from apple trees in commercial or domestic orchards located in the northeastern Spanish provinces of Gerona, Guipúzcoa, and Navarra. To identify races 1 to 7, the suspensions were used to inoculate cv. Gala and six differential apple clones with five replicates. Cultivar Gala was used as a universal susceptible control. The differential apple clones included X2250, X2253 (Geneva), X2249, X2225, X2596 (Prima), and X6518 (M. floribunda 821) (1,4). All leaves were assessed on each inoculated shoot 17 days after inoculation, and the type of symptoms were scored using the scale of Chevalier et al. (3). Sporulation ...Continue Reading

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