Skeletal muscle as an endogenous nitrate reservoir

Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry
B PiknovaA N Schechter

Abstract

The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family of enzymes form nitric oxide (NO) from arginine in the presence of oxygen. At reduced oxygen availability NO is also generated from nitrate in a two step process by bacterial and mammalian molybdopterin proteins, and also directly from nitrite by a variety of five-coordinated ferrous hemoproteins. The mammalian NO cycle also involves direct oxidation of NO to nitrite, and both NO and nitrite to nitrate by oxy-ferrous hemoproteins. The liver and blood are considered the sites of active mammalian NO metabolism and nitrite and nitrate concentrations in the liver and blood of several mammalian species, including human, have been determined. However, the large tissue mass of skeletal muscle had not been generally considered in the analysis of the NO cycle, in spite of its long-known presence of significant levels of active neuronal NOS (nNOS or NOS1). We hypothesized that skeletal muscle participates in the NO cycle and, due to its NO oxidizing heme protein, oxymyoglobin has high concentrations of nitrate ions. We measured nitrite and nitrate concentrations in rat and mouse leg skeletal muscle and found unusually high concentrations of nitrate but similar levels of nitrite, when compared to the...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 24, 2016·Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry·Barbora PiknovaAlan N Schechter
Jun 9, 2016·Current Heart Failure Reports·Andrew R Coggan, Linda R Peterson
Nov 9, 2016·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Samuel J KramerMichael J Ormsbee
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Aug 29, 2018·British Journal of Pharmacology·Anthony W DeMartinoMark T Gladwin
Aug 17, 2018·Journal of Applied Physiology·Ashley D TroutmanAndrew R Coggan
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Jan 17, 2020·Acta Physiologica·Zahra BahadoranAsghar Ghasemi
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Jul 1, 2017·Journal of Applied Physiology·Jean NyakayiruLex B Verdijk
Sep 19, 2019·Sports Medicine·Jeffrey A Rothschild, David J Bishop
Aug 8, 2020·Scientific Reports·Ji Won ParkAlan N Schechter
Feb 1, 2020·Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition·Alexandra FischerGerald Rimbach
Jul 28, 2019·The Journal of Physiology·Lee J WylieBarbora Piknova
Jul 13, 2019·Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry·Irene Cortés-PuchBarbora Piknova
Aug 1, 2020·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Andrew M JonesKristin L Jonvik
Feb 9, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Thiago Silveira AlvaresJuan Manuel Murias
Jan 19, 2021·The Journal of Physiology·Ravi A KumarLeonardo F Ferreira
Feb 26, 2021·Acta Physiologica·Michaela L SundqvistMattias Carlström
Mar 14, 2021·Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry·Ji Won ParkBarbora Piknova
May 1, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Natalia A ShnayderRegina F Nasyrova
Dec 24, 2021·European Journal of Applied Physiology·David C PooleTrenton D Colburn
Oct 21, 2021·Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews·Barbora PiknovaAndrew M Jones

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