Skeletal muscle Na,K-ATPase alpha and beta subunit protein levels respond to hypokalemic challenge with isoform and muscle type specificity.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
C B Thompson, Alicia A McDonough

Abstract

During potassium deprivation, skeletal muscle loses K+ to buffer the fall in extracellular K+. Decreased active K+ uptake via the sodium pump, Na,K-ATPase, contributes to the adjustment. Skeletal muscle expresses alpha1, alpha2, beta1, and beta2 isoforms of the Na, K-ATPase alphabeta heterodimer. This study was directed at testing the hypothesis that K+ loss from muscle during K+ deprivation is a function of decreased expression of specific isoforms expressed in a muscle type-specific pattern. Isoform abundance was measured in soleus, red and white gastrocnemius, extensor digitorum longus, and diaphragm by immunoblot. alpha2 expression was uniform across control muscles, whereas alpha1 and beta1 were twice as high in oxidative (soleus and diaphragm) as in fast glycolytic (white gastrocnemius) muscles, and beta2 expression was reciprocal: highest in white gastrocnemius and barely detectable in soleus and diaphragm. Following 10 days of potassium deprivation plasma K+ fell from 4.0 to 2.3 mM, and there were distinct responses in glycolytic versus oxidative muscles. In glycolytic white gastrocnemius alpha2 and beta2 fell 94 and 70%, respectively; in mixed red gastrocnemius and extensor digitorum longus both fell 60%, and beta1 fel...Continue Reading

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