Skin alterations of intact skin and risk factors associated with pressure ulcer development in surgical patients: a cohort study

International Journal of Nursing Studies
Jane NixonSenga Bond

Abstract

The pathology literature suggests three types of pressure ulcer with six possible mechanisms leading to tissue breakdown. A limitation of current evidence is the difficulty in replicating the clinical situation and in determining the point at which a tissue assault becomes irreversible and results in tissue breakdown. In particular clinical observations of alteration in darkly pigmented skin, blanching erythema, non-blanching erythema and non-blanching erythema with other skin changes including induration, oedema, pain, warmth or discolouration have not been assessed in relation to subsequent skin/tissue loss and their pathophysiological and aetiological importance is not fully understood. To assess the validity of clinical signs of erythema as predictors of pressure ulcer development and identify variables which independently are predictive of Grade 2 pressure ulcer development. Prospective cohort study. 109 general, vascular and orthopaedic hospital patients, aged over 55 years with an expected length of stay of 5 days were recruited. Of these 97 were pressure ulcer free at baseline and/or had complete follow-up including 59 women and 38 men with a median age of 75 years (range 55-95). Single centre large acute UK NHS hospita...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 17, 2011·Journal of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nursing : Official Publication of the Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society·Yuko NanjoHiromi Sanada
May 4, 2012·Journal of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nursing : Official Publication of the Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society·Joyce BlackGail Urzendowski
Jul 16, 2014·BMC Nursing·Elizabeth McGinnisJane Nixon
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Jan 19, 2010·British Journal of Nursing : BJN·Jennifer Riordan, David Voegeli
Dec 23, 2020·Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·DaeHee SuhSangseok Lee

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