Skin hyperpigmentation following intravenous polymyxin B treatment associated with melanocyte activation and inflammatory process

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
Karen P H MattosPatricia Moriel

Abstract

What is known and objective Polymyxins were widely used until the 1960s; however, they fell into disfavour owing to their toxicity. The subsequent growth of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria has led to renewed use of this class of antimicrobials in clinical practice. Acquired skin hyperpigmentation (SH) following intravenous polymyxin B treatment has been previously reported, but little is known about its pathogenesis, clinical course and treatment. To improve understanding of these issues, we conducted a prospective study of adult patients receiving intravenous polymyxin B treatment. Methods Patients receiving intravenous polymyxin B treatment were followed throughout the course of treatment. Clinical, dermatoscopic, histologic and immunohistochemical skin properties of patients who presented with SH were studied. Results and discussion Skin hyperpigmentation was noted in 8% of patients (n=20/249); however, clinical, dermatoscopic, histologic and immunohistochemical examinations were performed only in three patients for whom the consent of relatives was obtained. Histologic and immunohistochemical findings showed an abundant melanocyte-pigmented dendritic network. Langerhans cells' hyperplasia and...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 10, 2020·Transplant Infectious Disease : an Official Journal of the Transplantation Society·Yumeng M LiFabrizio Galimberti
Oct 6, 2020·Case Reports in Medicine·Xueke WenWeitao Lyu
Jul 6, 2018·BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology·Guanhao ZhengJuan He
Oct 6, 2020·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Cuicui Lu, Ning Hou
Feb 26, 2021·Pharmacological Reviews·Sue C NangJian Li
May 4, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Dongna ZouFeifei Li
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Enkhmend Enkhtaivan, Chang Hoon Lee

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