Smad2/3-Regulated Expression of DLX2 Is Associated with Radiation-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Radioresistance of A549 and MDA-MB-231 Human Cancer Cell Lines

PloS One
Yeo-Jin ChoiUhee Jung

Abstract

The control of radioresistance and metastatic potential of surviving cancer cells is important for improving cancer eradication by radiotheraphy. The distal-less homeobox2 (DLX2) gene encodes for a homeobox transcription factor involved in morphogenesis and its deregulation was found in human solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Here we investigated the role of DLX2 in association with radiation-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stem cell-like properties and its regulation by Smad2/3 signaling in irradiated A549 and MDA-MB-231 human cancer cell lines. In irradiated A549 and MDA-MB-231 cells, EMT was induced as demonstrated by EMT marker expression, phosphorylation of Smad2/3, and migratory and invasive ability. Also, irradiated A549 and MDA-MB-231 cells showed increased cancer stem cells (CSCs) marker. Interestingly, DLX2 was overexpressed upon irradiation. Therefore, we examined the role of DLX2 in radiation-induced EMT and radioresistance. The overexpression of DLX2 alone induced EMT, migration and invasion, and CSC marker expression. The reduced colony-forming ability in irradiated cells was partially restored by DLX2 overexpression. On the other hand, the depletion of DLX2 using si-RNA abolished r...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 11, 2019·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·Cao KunYang Yanyong
Apr 11, 2018·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Su Yeon LeeHo Sung Kang
Jan 24, 2019·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Su Yeon LeeHo Sung Kang
Feb 2, 2020·Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Amy M BuckleyJacintha O'Sullivan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
transfection
protein assay
ELISA

Software Mentioned

BLAST
Primer

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