Smad4 Decreases the Population of Pancreatic Cancer-Initiating Cells through Transcriptional Repression of ALDH1A1

The American Journal of Pathology
Yukari HoshinoShogo Ehata

Abstract

Cancer progression involves a rare population of undifferentiated cancer-initiating cells that have stem cell-like properties for self-renewal capacity and high tumorigenicity. We investigated how maintenance of pancreatic cancer-initiating cells is influenced by Smad4, which is frequently deleted or mutated in pancreatic cancers cells. Smad4 silencing up-regulated the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) mRNA, whereas forced expression of Smad4 in pancreatic cancer cells down-regulated it. Smad4 and ALDH1 expression inversely correlated in some human clinical pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues, suggesting that ALDH1 in pancreatic cancer cells was associated with decreased Smad4 expression. We then examined whether ALDH1 served as a marker of pancreatic cancer-initiating cells. Pancreatic cancer cells contained ALDH1(hi) cells in 3% to 10% of total cells, with high tumorigenic potential. Because Smad4 is a major mediator of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family signaling, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of ALDH activity by TGF-β and bone morphogenetic proteins. Treatment with TGF-β attenuated ALDH1(hi) cells in several pancreatic cancer cells, whereas bone morphogenetic protein-4 was not as potent. Bio...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 15, 2015·Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy·Ivonne RegelJörg Kleeff
Oct 9, 2015·Clinical & Experimental Metastasis·Mauricio Rodriguez-Torres, Alison L Allan
Sep 1, 2015·Cancer Letters·Xia XuKai Wang
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Feb 9, 2019·Stem Cells International·Giuseppe Vassalli
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Aug 23, 2018·Cell Reports·Kazuki TainakaHiroki R Ueda

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