Small conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ channels in the plasma membrane, mitochondria and the ER: Pharmacology and implications in neuronal diseases

Neurochemistry International
B HonrathA M Dolga

Abstract

Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels regulate after-hyperpolarization in many types of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. Small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa2/SK) channels, a subfamily of KCa channels, are widely expressed in the nervous system, and in the cardiovascular system. Voltage-independent SK channels are activated by alterations in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) which facilitates the opening of these channels through binding of Ca2+ to calmodulin that is constitutively bound to the SK2 C-terminus. In neurons, SK channels regulate synaptic plasticity and [Ca2+]i homeostasis, and a number of recent studies elaborated on the emerging neuroprotective potential of SK channel activation in conditions of excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia, as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative cell death. Recently, SK channels were discovered in the inner mitochondrial membrane and in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum which sheds new light on the underlying molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in SK channel-mediated protective effects. In this review, we will discuss the protective properties of pharmacological SK channel modulation with particular emphasis on intracellularly located SK ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 16, 2018·British Journal of Pharmacology·Luigi LeanzaIldiko Szabo
Feb 19, 2019·Experimental Dermatology·Rafal Pawel KampaPiotr Bednarczyk
May 17, 2019·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Lili ShanYao-Ying Ma
Jul 8, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Anna KicinskaPiotr Bednarczyk
May 12, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Adam Armada-MoreiraSandra H Vaz
Aug 30, 2020·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research·Jiandong SunXiaoning Bi
Mar 10, 2021·Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry·Charlotte M SevrainPaul-Alain Jaffrès
Jul 16, 2020·Biophysical Journal·Peter BronkBum-Rak Choi
Jul 3, 2021·Cells·Bogusz KulawiakAdam Szewczyk

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