Small GTPases Rap1 and RhoA regulate superoxide formation by Rac1 GTPases activation during the phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized zymosans in macrophages

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Yi LiJae-Bong Park

Abstract

Phagocytic NADPH oxidase plays a critical role in superoxide generation in macrophage cells. Small GTPases, including Rac1 and Rac2, have been implicated in the regulation of NADPH oxidase activity. Rap1, which has no effect in a cell-free system of oxidase activation, recently has been proven to colocalize with cytochrome b(558). In addition, neutrophils from rap1A(-/-) mice reduce fMLP-stimulated superoxide production. Here, we tried to determine whether Rap1 also plays a role in the production of superoxide. IgG-opsonized zymosan (IOZ) particles treatment induced Rap1 activation and superoxide generation. Knock-down of Rap1 by si-Rap1 suppressed IOZ-induced superoxide formation. Sh-RhoA also reduced superoxide levels, but 8CPT-2Me-cAMP, an activator of Epac1 (a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) of Rap1), could recover the levels to the control value. When cells were stimulated by IOZ, Rap1 and Rac1 were translocated to the membrane, and then interacted with p22(phox). 8CPT-2Me-cAMP rescued sh-RhoA-induced reduction of the interaction between Rac1 and p22(phox), and enhanced lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced increase of their interaction. Moreover, Rac1 activity was increased by both LPA and 8CPT-2Me-cAMP when treate...Continue Reading

References

Dec 1, 1990·Trends in Biochemical Sciences·W E Balch
Dec 1, 1984·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·R A Heyneman, R E Vercauteren
Jan 5, 2000·Journal of Immunological Methods·C Dahlgren, A Karlsson
Apr 1, 2000·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·K AbeC J Der
Oct 19, 2000·Methods in Enzymology·A C AzimJ H Hartwig
Oct 19, 2000·Methods in Enzymology·X D Ren, M A Schwartz
Feb 27, 2001·Nature Immunology·B A Diebold, G M Bokoch
Nov 24, 2001·Trends in Cell Biology·A J Ridley
Feb 25, 2003·Nature Cell Biology·Anjaruwee S NimnualDafna Bar-Sagi
Dec 4, 2003·Experimental & Molecular Medicine·Jae-Bong Park
Feb 19, 2004·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Jun-Sub KimJae-Bong Park
Aug 7, 2004·Current Biology : CB·Sonja KrugmannPhillip T Hawkins
Oct 14, 2004·The Journal of Cell Biology·William T ArthurJonathan A Cooper
Feb 3, 2005·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Arthur S AlbertsJeffrey A Frost
Jul 5, 2005·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Jongyun Heo, Sharon L Campbell
Oct 6, 2005·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·Forest R SheppardChristopher C Silliman
Jul 25, 2006·Nature Cell Biology·Yasutaka OhtaThomas P Stossel
Jun 15, 2007·Cardiovascular Research·Kimberly W RainesSharon L Campbell
Jul 3, 2007·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·J David LambethBecky Diebold
Dec 7, 2007·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Yu LiLawrence A Quilliam
Apr 20, 2010·Nature Cell Biology·Etienne BoulterKeith Burridge

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 20, 2015·Immunological Reviews·Kristen K Penberthy, Kodi S Ravichandran
Aug 27, 2014·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Ralf P BrandesKatrin Schröder
Aug 31, 2016·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Jae-Gyu KimJae-Bong Park
Mar 15, 2018·Physiological Reviews·William G Robichaux, Xiaodong Cheng
Jan 30, 2018·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Jae-Gyu KimJae-Bong Park
Nov 9, 2017·Journal of Cell Science·Youhei EgamiNobukazu Araki
Dec 5, 2017·Small GTPases·Eun-Kyoung ChoiJae-Bong Park
Mar 21, 2017·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Monika BozemMarkus Hoth

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.