Small Molecule Fluorescent Probes for G- Quadruplex Visualization as Potential Cancer Theranostic Agents

Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
Pallavi ChilkaBhaskar Datta

Abstract

G-quadruplexes have gained prominence over the past two decades for their role in gene regulation, control of anti-tumour activity and ageing. The physiological relevance and significance of these non-canonical structures in the context of cancer has been reviewed several times. Putative roles of G-quadruplexes in cancer prognosis and pathogenesis have spurred the search for small molecule ligands that are capable of binding and modulating the effect of such structures. On a related theme, small molecule fluorescent probes have emerged that are capable of selective recognition of G-quadruplex structures. These have opened up the possibility of direct visualization and tracking of such structures. In this review we outline recent developments on G-quadruplex specific small molecule fluorescent probes for visualizing G-quadruplexes. The molecules represent a variety of structural scaffolds, mechanism of quadruplex-recognition and fluorescence signal transduction. Quadruplex selectivity and in vivo imaging potential of these molecules places them uniquely as quadruplex-theranostic agents in the predominantly cancer therapeutic context of quadruplex-selective ligands.

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Citations

May 31, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Clara UrielJ Cristobal Lopez
Nov 3, 2020·Analytical Sciences : the International Journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry·Shigeori Takenaka
Sep 7, 2019·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research·Imee M A Del MundoGuliang Wang
Feb 11, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Loukiani Savva, Savvas N Georgiades
Jan 16, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Yuyu Fang, Wim Dehaen
Mar 28, 2021·Nucleic Acids Research·Kaixin LyuChun Kit Kwok
Aug 23, 2020·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Reviews on Cancer·Wenmeng WangGuangchao Sui
Apr 4, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Nakshi DesaiBhaskar Datta
Apr 9, 2021·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Annoor AwadasseidWen Zhang
Apr 15, 2021·Chemistry : a European Journal·Raj PaulJyotirmayee Dash
Jun 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ohad SussDavid Margulies
Sep 29, 2021·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Aleksandr S OshchepkovEvgeny A Kataev

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
NMR
size exclusion chromatography
FRET
imaging techniques
confocal microscopy
Fluorescence

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