PMID: 9646831Jul 1, 1998Paper

Smokeless tobacco extracts activate complement in vitro: a potential pathogenic mechanism for initiating inflammation of the oral mucosa

Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology
T ChangR R Kew

Abstract

The use of smokeless tobacco has been linked to an increased incidence of inflammation of the buccal and gingival mucosa. However, the mechanisms by which smokeless tobacco initiates inflammation are not well understood. The complement cascade is a ubiquitous source of proinflammatory molecules and can be activated rapidly by a wide variety of agents. Therefore, the effect of smokeless tobacco on complement was investigated as a potential pathogenic mechanism for triggering inflammation of the oral mucosa. Aqueous extracts of loose leaf chewing tobacco (1S1), dry snuff (1S2), and moist snuff (1S3), added to normal human serum, depleted complement hemolytic activity in a dose-dependent manner. Experiments utilizing sera deficient in one specific complement component indicated that the smokeless tobacco-induced depletion of hemolytic activity was due largely to consumption of C3. Furthermore, assays designed to test the activity of the alternative pathway of complement clearly showed that all three extracts depleted the hemolytic activity of this pathway. Finally, all three smokeless tobacco extracts activated the alternative pathway since significantly elevated levels of the cleavage fragments iC3b and Bb were detected in extrac...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 10, 2013·Toxicology Letters·Yue ZhaoQizhan Liu
Jan 24, 2007·Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : Official Publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology·K A A S Warnakulasuriya, R Ralhan
May 25, 2021·Cancer Biomarkers : Section a of Disease Markers·Varshasnata MohantyAditi Chatterjee

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