SnRK1 and TOR: modulating growth-defense trade-offs in plant stress responses

Journal of Experimental Botany
Leonor MargalhaElena Baena-González

Abstract

The evolutionarily conserved protein kinase complexes SnRK1 and TOR are central metabolic regulators essential for plant growth, development, and stress responses. They are activated by opposite signals, and the outcome of their activation is, in global terms, antagonistic. Similarly to their yeast and animal counterparts, SnRK1 is activated by the energy deficit often associated with stress to restore homeostasis, while TOR is activated in nutrient-rich conditions to promote growth. Recent evidence suggests that SnRK1 represses TOR in plants, revealing evolutionary conservation also in their crosstalk. Given their importance for integrating environmental information into growth and developmental programs, these signaling pathways hold great promise for reducing the growth penalties caused by stress. Here we review the literature connecting SnRK1 and TOR to plant stress responses. Although SnRK1 and TOR emerge mostly as positive regulators of defense and growth, respectively, the outcome of their activities in plant growth and performance is not always straightforward. Manipulation of both pathways under similar experimental setups, as well as further biochemical and genetic analyses of their molecular and functional interactio...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 16, 2019·Journal of Experimental Botany·Lyubov A RyabovaChristian Meyer
Nov 15, 2019·Journal of Experimental Botany·Ching-Yi Liao, Diane C Bassham
May 6, 2020·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA·Ricardo A Urquidi CamachoAlbrecht G von Arnim
Sep 10, 2020·Journal of Experimental Botany·Zakayo KazibweDiane C Bassham
Jan 17, 2021·Plants·Katarzyna Retzer, Wolfram Weckwerth
Dec 4, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·David P HorvathJames V Anderson
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Plant Science·Suhong LiXuelian Wu
Feb 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ming WangSoulaiman Sakr
Mar 30, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Irabonosi ObomighieFilippo Prischi
Mar 12, 2021·The New Phytologist·Isaac J DoppSally A Mackenzie
Apr 27, 2021·Trends in Plant Science·Hongfei LiYanxia Zhang
Jun 3, 2021·Plants·Catherine M Doorly, Emmanuelle Graciet
May 17, 2021·Journal of Experimental Botany·Björn Heinemann, Tatjana M Hildebrandt
Aug 15, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jianbei HuangHenrik Hartmann
Sep 11, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Prathibha MuralidharaWolfgang Dröge-Laser
Oct 7, 2021·The New Phytologist·Russell K MonsonManuel T Lerdau
Dec 9, 2020·Developmental Cell·Heng ZhangJian-Kang Zhu

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