Social welfare matters: a realist review of when, how, and why unemployment insurance impacts poverty and health

Social Science & Medicine
Patricia O'CampoCarles Muntaner

Abstract

The recent global recession and concurrent rise in job loss makes unemployment insurance (UI) increasingly important to smooth patterns of consumption and keep households from experiencing extreme material poverty. In this paper, we undertake a realist review to produce a critical understanding of how and why UI policies impact on poverty and health in different welfare state contexts between 2000 and 2013. We relied on literature and expert interviews to generate an initial theory and set of propositions about how UI might alleviate poverty and mental distress. We then systematically located and synthesized peer-review studies to glean supportive or contradictory evidence for our initial propositions. Poverty and psychological distress, among unemployed and even the employed, are impacted by generosity of UI in terms of eligibility, duration and wage replacement levels. Though unemployment benefits are not intended to compensate fully for a loss of earnings, generous UI programs can moderate harmful consequences of unemployment.

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Citations

May 31, 2016·Current Epidemiology Reports·Claire Margerison-ZilkoJanelle Downing
Apr 10, 2016·European Journal of Public Health·Faraz Vahid ShahidiCarles Muntaner
Sep 9, 2015·Social Theory & Health : STH·Carles MuntanerSeth J Prins
May 4, 2016·Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology·Claire L NiedzwiedzJamie R Pearce
Apr 30, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Chungah Kim, Youngtae Cho
Dec 15, 2017·European Journal of Public Health·Noora BergAnne Hammarström
May 9, 2019·American Journal of Public Health·Gerry McCartneyRobert McMaster
May 10, 2019·Scandinavian Journal of Public Health·Frances Hillier-BrownClare Bambra
Oct 31, 2018·Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation·Alex CollieRoss Iles
Feb 29, 2020·Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation·Luke R SheehanAlex Collie
Oct 19, 2019·European Journal of Public Health·Paula AcevedoPilar Montero
Mar 3, 2020·The American Journal of Bioethics : AJOB·Jeroen Luyten
Oct 17, 2017·American Journal of Epidemiology·Claire E Margerison-ZilkoZhehui Luo
Oct 5, 2018·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Martin MlinarićMatthias Richter
Jun 15, 2019·BMC Public Health·Gerrie-Cor HerberEllen Uiters
Jun 14, 2018·International Journal of Health Services : Planning, Administration, Evaluation·Davide MalmusiUNKNOWN SOPHIE investigators
Aug 11, 2020·Journal of Health and Social Behavior·Megan M Reynolds, Veerle Buffel
Feb 9, 2017·Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review·Rachael A Spencer, Kelli A Komro
Aug 21, 2018·Trauma, Violence & Abuse·Alisa J VelonisPatricia O'Campo
Dec 5, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Imma Cortès-FranchLucía Artazcoz
Jan 14, 2021·BMC Public Health·Maxwell S BarnishG J Melendez-Torres
Mar 30, 2021·European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·Hanna-Sophie UlrichMartin Mlinarić
Nov 8, 2020·Preventive Medicine·John A KaufmanKelli A Komro
May 21, 2021·Journal of European Social Policy·Anna Baranowska-Rataj, Mattias Strandh
Jul 2, 2021·Systematic Reviews·Virginia GunnUNKNOWN Precarious Work Research (PWR) Group
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Sangeeta ChatterjiAnita Raj

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