Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes-cardiovascular and renal benefits in patients with chronic kidney disease.

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
Tamara Y MilderJerry R Greenfield

Abstract

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have important cardiovascular and renal benefits in adults with type 2 diabetes who have or are at high risk of cardiovascular and renal disease. These benefits are seen in patients with impaired renal function where the glucose-lowering effects are not observed. Here, we review the pharmacokinetics and pharmacology of SGLT2 inhibitors in relation to cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We searched PubMed and EMBASE for original research, meta-analyses and review articles relevant to the pharmacokinetics, and cardiac and renal outcomes of SGLT2 inhibitors published up until June 2019. Specialist society guidelines and publications were also consulted. Renal impairment is currently a contraindication to SGLT2 inhibitor use largely due to limited anti-hyperglycaemic efficacy. However, in cardiovascular outcome trials, and a dedicated renal outcome trial, cardiovascular and renal benefits were seen in participants with CKD suggesting that mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular and renal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors are likely largely independent of the glucose-lowering action of these agents. Despite minimal glycaemic benefits in patien...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 11, 2020·Journal of Hypertension·Rafael CarmenaJosep Redon
Oct 24, 2020·Drug Safety : an International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Drug Experience·Tamara Y MilderJerry R Greenfield

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
amputation

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT03242252
NCT03594110
NCT03036150

Software Mentioned

CREDENCE
DELIGHT

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