Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells and the diagnosis of pneumonia and severe sepsis

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Sébastien Gibot

Abstract

The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is a recently identified molecule involved in the inflammatory response. It belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed on the surface of neutrophils, mature monocytes, and macrophages. The engagement of TREM-1 synergizes with the Toll-like receptors signaling pathway in amplifying the inflammatory response mediated by several microbial components. The expression of the membrane-bound TREM-1 is strongly upregulated on monocytes during sepsis. Besides its membranous form, a soluble counterpart of TREM-1 exists that is specifically released during several infectious processes. The measurement of that soluble form in biological fluids may be useful as a diagnostic tool, especially during severe sepsis and pneumonia. Moreover, the evolutionary pattern of TREM-1 may be interesting during the follow-up of septic patients.

Citations

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