Solvation in Space-time: Pretransition Effects in Trajectory Space

Physical Review Letters
Shachi KatiraKranthi K Mandadapu

Abstract

We demonstrate pretransition effects in space-time in trajectories of systems in which the dynamics displays a first-order phase transition between distinct dynamical phases. These effects are analogous to those observed for thermodynamic first-order phase transitions, most notably the hydrophobic effect in water. Considering the (infinite temperature) East model as an elementary example, we study the properties of "space-time solvation" by examining trajectories where finite space-time regions are conditioned to be inactive in an otherwise active phase. We find that solvating an inactive region of space-time within an active trajectory shows two regimes in the dynamical equivalent of solvation free energy: an "entropic" small solute regime in which uncorrelated fluctuations are sufficient to evacuate activity from the solute, and an "energetic" large solute regime which involves the formation of a solute-induced inactive domain with an associated active-inactive interface bearing a dynamical interfacial tension. We also show that as a result of this dynamical interfacial tension there is a dynamical analog of the hydrophobic collapse that drives the assembly of large hydrophobes in water. We discuss the general relevance of th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 10, 2020·The Journal of Chemical Physics·Matteo Campo, Thomas Speck
Oct 2, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Shachi KatiraKranthi K Mandadapu
Jun 18, 2021·Physical Review. E·Jakub Dolezal, Robert L Jack

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