Solvent exfoliation of electronic-grade, two-dimensional black phosphorus

ACS Nano
Joohoon KangMark C Hersam

Abstract

Solution dispersions of two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP)--often referred to as phosphorene--are achieved by solvent exfoliation. These pristine, electronic-grade BP dispersions are produced with anhydrous organic solvents in a sealed-tip ultrasonication system, which circumvents BP degradation that would otherwise occur via solvated O2 or H2O. Among conventional solvents, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is found to provide stable, highly concentrated (∼0.4 mg/mL) BP dispersions. Atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the structure and chemistry of solvent-exfoliated BP nanosheets are comparable to mechanically exfoliated BP flakes. Additionally, residual NMP from the liquid-phase processing suppresses the rate of BP oxidation in ambient conditions. Solvent-exfoliated BP nanosheet field-effect transistors exhibit ambipolar behavior with current on/off ratios and mobilities up to ∼10(4) and ∼50 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), respectively. Overall, this study shows that stable, highly concentrated, electronic-grade 2D BP dispersions can be realized by scalable solvent exfoliation, thereby presenting opportunities for large-...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 3, 2016·Advanced Materials Interfaces·Manuel Serrano-RuizMaurizio Peruzzini
Nov 14, 2015·ACS Nano·Xiaolong LiuMark C Hersam
Dec 9, 2015·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Wancheng ZhaoTiancheng Mu
Dec 23, 2015·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Zdenek SoferMartin Pumera
Oct 31, 2015·Advanced Materials·Hyejin JangDavid G Cahill
Nov 26, 2015·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Andres Castellanos-Gomez
Sep 25, 2015·ACS Nano·Poya YasaeiAmin Salehi-Khojin
Aug 19, 2015·ACS Nano·Jinshui MiaoChuan Wang
Aug 11, 2015·ACS Nano·Adam H WoomerScott C Warren
Mar 31, 2016·Scientific Reports·Soonjoo SeoJouhahn Lee
Aug 19, 2015·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Hui WangYi Xie
Mar 13, 2016·Angewandte Chemie·Yuetao ZhaoPaul K Chu
Oct 30, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Joohoon KangMark C Hersam
May 19, 2016·ACS Nano·Paul Masih DasMarija Drndić
Apr 3, 2016·Chemistry : a European Journal·Chongyang ZhuLitao Sun
Jun 9, 2016·Advanced Materials·Francesco BonaccorsoClaudia Backes
Jul 8, 2016·Angewandte Chemie·Wei Luo, Hongjun Xiang
Jul 21, 2016·Advanced Materials·Munkhbayar BatmunkhJoseph G Shapter
Jul 28, 2016·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Yongqing CaiYong-Wei Zhang
Sep 28, 2016·Scientific Reports·Harneet KaurRitu Srivastava
Nov 5, 2016·Advanced Materials·Xiaolong LiuMark C Hersam
Oct 21, 2016·Angewandte Chemie·Gonzalo AbellánAndreas Hirsch
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Jan 6, 2017·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Edward A LewisDavid J Lewis
Jan 12, 2017·Angewandte Chemie·Jinying ZhangChunming Niu
Jan 14, 2017·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Wei ChenZhubing He

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