Some characteristics of the outer membrane material released by growing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

Infection and Immunity
H GankemaB Witholt

Abstract

The high-molecular-weight material released into the medium by Escherichia coli AP1, an enterotoxigenic strain of porcine origin, has been isolated and resolved into two clearly distinct fractions, based on sucrose density gradient and differential centrifugation, chemical analysis, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and freeze-fracture electron microscopy. These two fractions, referred to as "medium vesicles" and "medium lipopolysaccharides", were compared with the cellular outer and cytoplasmic membranes, the periplasmic fraction, and the cytoplasmic fraction. The medium vesicles closely resembled outer membrane and accounted for 3 to 5% of the total cellular outer membrane. They contained most of the heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) activity released into the medium by E. coli AP1. The medium lipopolysaccharide consisted mostly of lipopolysaccharide and a small amount of outer membrane and contained relatively little LT activity. Based on experiments with E. coli K-12 strains, in which about 5% of the newly synthesized outer membrane is lost from areas of outer membrane synthesis, it is proposed that enterotoxigenic E. coli strains release LT as part of such newly synthesized outer membrane fragments and ...Continue Reading

References

Jul 1, 1977·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·W P SmithB D Davis
Sep 1, 1977·Bacteriological Reviews·I OrskovK Jann
Apr 4, 1978·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·D Mug-Opstelten, B Witholt
Jan 1, 1978·Annual Review of Biochemistry·J M DiRienzoM Inouye
Sep 22, 1978·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·L de LeijB Witholt
May 1, 1977·Infection and Immunity·J I SpeirsJ Konowalchuk
Dec 14, 1976·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·D HoekstraB Witholt
Jun 1, 1976·Infection and Immunity·R GermanierT M Inderbitzin
Dec 1, 1975·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·H van HeerikhuizenB Witholt
Sep 1, 1973·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·S LariviéreD A Barnum
May 1, 1970·European Journal of Biochemistry·W DrögeO Westphal

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 30, 2000·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·S YaronK R Matthews
Aug 6, 2008·Infection and Immunity·Stefan SchildAndrew Camilli
Nov 1, 2005·EcoSal Plus·Amanda J McBroom, Meta J Kuehn
Oct 1, 1984·Infection and Immunity·J HeesemannR Laufs
Apr 28, 2018·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology·Sihan WangZhenjia Wang
Jan 1, 2006·EcoSal Plus·Michael G Jobling, Randall K Holmes
Mar 4, 2010·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·Terri N Ellis, Meta J Kuehn
May 12, 2010·Infection and Immunity·Koushik RoyJames M Fleckenstein
Dec 1, 1982·Infection and Immunity·S M Logan, T J Trust
Jun 28, 1985·The American Journal of Medicine·J R Cantey
Nov 19, 2004·The EMBO Journal·Nicole C KestyMeta J Kuehn
May 15, 1981·European Journal of Biochemistry·J Wensink, B Witholt
Oct 1, 1984·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology·P A Mackowiak
Jan 1, 1985·Journal of Basic Microbiology·G SeltmannW D Grahlow
Mar 26, 2013·Biochemistry·Carmen SchwechheimerMeta J Kuehn
Jan 1, 1985·Critical Reviews in Microbiology·J W Foster, D M Kinney
Sep 10, 2010·Annual Review of Microbiology·Adam Kulp, Meta J Kuehn
Jun 1, 2010·Toxins·Benjamin Mudrak, Meta J Kuehn

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.