Sonographic evaluation of uncommonly assessed upper extremity peripheral nerves: anatomy, technique, and clinical syndromes

Skeletal Radiology
Jonathan M YoungnerImran M Omar

Abstract

Targeted ultrasound of the median, ulnar, and radial nerves is a well-established technique for suspected upper extremity peripheral neuropathy. However, sonographic imaging of the brachial plexus and smaller peripheral nerve branches is more technically difficult and the anatomy is less familiar to many radiologists. As imaging techniques improve, many clinicians refer patients for imaging of previously less-familiar structures. In addition, some patients may present with injuries that could involve local neurovascular structures. Finally, patients presenting with isolated peripheral neuropathies may be referred for perineural injections with local anesthetic for diagnostic purposes, or steroid for therapeutic reasons. This requires sonologists to have a firm understanding of the courses of these nerves and the surrounding anatomic landmarks that can be used to accurately identify and characterize them. We discuss clinical syndromes referable to specific peripheral nerve branches in the upper extremity, the relevant anatomy, and sonographic technique.

References

Sep 9, 1999·Journal of Clinical Ultrasound : JCU·I G HideR S Campbell
Oct 25, 2000·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·C MartinoliL E Derchi
Jun 24, 2003·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Alexander J ChienDean S Louis
Aug 29, 2003·Neurosurgery·Ismihan Ilknur UysalTaner Ziylan
Nov 24, 2004·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·Michael J Lee, Paul C LaStayo
Sep 16, 2006·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Gustav AndreisekDominik Weishaupt
Jun 19, 2008·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·Martin J KelleyBrian G Leggin
Jun 20, 2008·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Alberto TagliaficoCarlo Martinoli
Sep 10, 2008·Hand : Official Journal of the American Association for Hand Surgery·A DuggalE Becker
Oct 22, 2008·The Journal of Hand Surgery·Daniel J Nagle, Keith J Santiago
Feb 27, 2009·Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society·Sung Soo KimSeung Jin Lee
Mar 14, 2009·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Joseph M NealQuinn H Hogan
May 5, 2009·TheScientificWorldJournal·Steven L Orebaugh, Brian A Williams
Aug 24, 2010·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Theodore T Miller, William R Reinus
Sep 14, 2010·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Dorota Dominika LindaRyan Paul Rebello
May 21, 2011·European Journal of Radiology·Clarissa CanellaAnne Cotten
Feb 28, 2013·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Alberto Tagliafico, Carlo Martinoli
Apr 11, 2013·European Radiology·T Le CorrollerP Champsaur
May 11, 2013·Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·Satish V Khadilkar, Snehaldatta S Khade
Feb 27, 2014·Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine·Luke StephensDennis Y Wen
Mar 8, 2014·Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging·F LapegueN Sans
Mar 8, 2014·Muscle & Nerve·Stefan MengWolfgang Grisold
Jul 27, 2014·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Mary M ChiavarasJeffrey Lawton
Feb 17, 2015·Ultrasonography·Soo-Jung ChoiDong-Rock Shin
Sep 4, 2015·Journal of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology·Herman SehmbiKi Jinn Chin
Jan 12, 2016·The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging·Chandan KakkarSurabhi Bajpai
Feb 13, 2016·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Corrie M YablonJon A Jacobson
Mar 11, 2016·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Jordan M BrownJon A Jacobson
Jun 25, 2016·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·O Kenechi Nwawka, Theodore T Miller
Jul 30, 2016·Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America·Jeffrey A Strakowski
Sep 8, 2016·Skeletal Radiology·Haq WajidPatricia B Delzell
Nov 4, 2016·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·Ewan KennedyHelen Nicholson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 27, 2019·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Stefano BianchiCarlo Urigo
Jun 9, 2021·Disease-a-month : DM·Carlos Romero-MoralesEmmanuel Navarro-Flores

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc
Dorota Dominika LindaRyan Paul Rebello
AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
O Kenechi Nwawka, Theodore T Miller
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved