Source apportionment of fine particulate matter over a National Park in Central India

The Science of the Total Environment
Samresh Kumar, Ramya Sunder Raman

Abstract

PM2.5 mass and chemical constituents were measured over Van Vihar National Park (VVNP), a forested location within Bhopal. Positive Matrix Factorization (USEPA PMF5) was applied to two-year long (2012 and 2013) measurements of PM2.5 chemical species including water-soluble inorganic ions, organic, pyrolitic, and elemental carbon, and trace elements for the quantitative apportionment of PM2.5 mass. The model resolved seven factors. A combination of source profiles, temporal evolution, and potential source locations were used to identify these factors as secondary sulfate, combustion aerosol, re-suspended crustal dust, pyrolysis carbon-rich aerosol, biomass burning aerosol, secondary nitrate, and sea salt with mean contributions of 24.8%, 23.6%, 17.3%, 15.7%, 11%, 4.1%, 0.8%, respectively, to the PM2.5 mass during the study period. Rest of the mass was unapportioned. Inter-annual and seasonal variability of sources contributing to PM2.5 mass were also assessed. Combustion aerosol and pyrolysis carbon-rich aerosol were responsible for several high PM2.5 mass concentration episodes at the sampling location. Re-suspended crustal dust was also found to be contributing to episodic highs in PM2.5 mass. Biomass burning aerosol contribut...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 14, 2021·Chemosphere·Sarkawt HamaSanjay Kumar Gupta

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