Source estimation of pharmaceuticals based on catchment population and in-stream attenuation in Yodo River watershed, Japan

The Science of the Total Environment
Seiya HanamotoH Tanaka

Abstract

Fifty-five pharmaceuticals were monitored at four rivers and inlets and/or outlets of three sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Yodo River watershed, Japan over 17 sampling events. Twenty-six quantified pharmaceuticals were classified by source and fate. The load per person (LPP) of nine pharmaceuticals, including six with observed mass balance in studied river stretch of <80%, was appreciably lower in river water (RW) than in the effluent (EF) of STPs (RW/EF <0.5), indicating that they were susceptible to in-stream attenuation in the study area, while the others were relatively conservative. The LPP of 12 pharmaceuticals in RW were within ±50% of that in EF. Because their mass loadings in rivers were correlated with human population in the catchment and most people use the sewer system, the major source of the 12 pharmaceuticals was considered to be STPs. The LPP of the three most labile pharmaceuticals in STPs (caffeine, theophylline, and acetaminophen) was >1.5 in RW/EF and <1.0 in RW/influent (IF) of STPs. Poorly treated sewage discharged from households without using the sewer system was considered to be influential source of the three pharmaceuticals. The LPP (RW/EF) of caffeine, a pharmaceutical contained in food and bever...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 7, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Feng ZhuGang Xu
Mar 1, 2021·Environmental Pollution·Jianfeng TangYaoyang Xu
May 10, 2018·Environmental Science & Technology·Corey M G Carpenter, Damian E Helbling
May 22, 2020·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Zhen LiXiang Liu

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