Sowing the Seeds of a Pandemic? Mammalian Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of H1 Variant Influenza Viruses from the Swine Reservoir

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
Joanna A Pulit-PenalozaTaronna R Maines

Abstract

Emergence of genetically and antigenically diverse strains of influenza to which the human population has no or limited immunity necessitates continuous risk assessments to determine the likelihood of these viruses acquiring adaptations that facilitate sustained human-to-human transmission. As the North American swine H1 virus population has diversified over the last century by means of both antigenic drift and shift, in vivo assessments to study multifactorial traits like mammalian pathogenicity and transmissibility of these emerging influenza viruses are critical. In this review, we examine genetic, molecular, and pathogenicity and transmissibility data from a panel of contemporary North American H1 subtype swine-origin viruses isolated from humans, as compared to H1N1 seasonal and pandemic viruses, including the reconstructed 1918 virus. We present side-by-side analyses of experiments performed in the mouse and ferret models using consistent experimental protocols to facilitate enhanced interpretation of in vivo data. Contextualizing these analyses in a broader context permits a greater appreciation of the role that in vivo risk assessment experiments play in pandemic preparedness. Collectively, we find that despite strain-s...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 25, 2019·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Jessica A BelserTaronna R Maines
Apr 28, 2020·Laboratory animal research·Mee Sook ParkMan-Seong Park
Jan 22, 2021·The Journal of International Medical Research·Cheng ZhangLigong Chen
Jan 29, 2020·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Tavis K AndersonAmy L Vincent
Feb 25, 2021·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Anna ParysKristien Van Reeth
Aug 6, 2019·Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·Rebecca H BlairKathy L Rowlen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic

Software Mentioned

Influenza Risk Assessment Tool ( IRAT ) Tool for Influenza Pan...

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