Spatial analyses of two color polymorphisms in an alpine grasshopper reveal a role of small-scale heterogeneity

Ecology and Evolution
Petra DiekerHolger Schielzeth

Abstract

Discrete color polymorphisms represent a fascinating aspect of intraspecific diversity. Color morph ratios often vary clinally, but in some cases, there are no marked clines and mixes of different morphs occur at appreciable frequencies in most populations. This poses the questions of how polymorphisms are maintained. We here study the spatial and temporal distribution of a very conspicuous color polymorphism in the club-legged grasshopper Gomphocerus sibiricus. The species occurs in a green and a nongreen (predominately brown) morph, a green-brown polymorphism that is common among Orthopteran insects. We sampled color morph ratios at 42 sites across the alpine range of the species and related color morph ratios to local habitat parameters and climatic conditions. Green morphs occurred in both sexes, and their morph ratios were highly correlated among sites, suggesting shared control of the polymorphism in females and males. We found that in at least 40 of 42 sites green and brown morphs co-occurred with proportions of green ranging from 0% to 70% with significant spatial heterogeneity. The proportion of green individuals tended to increase with decreasing summer and winter precipitations. Nongreen individuals can be further di...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 29, 2020·Ecology and Evolution·Günter Köhler, Holger Schielzeth
Jun 12, 2021·PeerJ·Martin A StoffelHolger Schielzeth
Aug 10, 2021·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Timothy K O'ConnorNoah K Whiteman

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Software Mentioned

lme4
rptR
stats package R Core Team
CHELSA
BIOCLIM
R

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