Spatial Distribution and Diverse Metabolic Functions of Lignocellulose-Degrading Uncultured Bacteria as Revealed by Genome-Centric Metagenomics
Abstract
The mechanisms by which specific anaerobic microorganisms remain firmly attached to lignocellulosic material, allowing them to efficiently decompose organic matter, have yet to be elucidated. To circumvent this issue, microbiomes collected from anaerobic digesters treating pig manure and meadow grass were fractionated to separate the planktonic microbes from those adhered to lignocellulosic substrate. Assembly of shotgun reads, followed by a binning process, recovered 151 population genomes, 80 out of which were completely new and were not previously deposited in any database. Genome coverage allowed the identification of microbial spatial distribution in the engineered ecosystem. Moreover, a composite bioinformatic analysis using multiple databases for functional annotation revealed that uncultured members of the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes follow diverse metabolic strategies for polysaccharide degradation. The structure of cellulosome in Firmicutes species can differ depending on the number and functional roles of carbohydrate-binding modules. In contrast, members of the Bacteroidetes are able to adhere to and degrade lignocellulose due to the presence of multiple carbohydrate-binding family 6 modules in beta-xylosidase and ...Continue Reading
References
Dramatic performance of Clostridium thermocellum explained by its wide range of cellulase modalities
Genome-centric resolution of microbial diversity, metabolism and interactions in anaerobic digestion
Citations
Related Concepts
Related Feeds
Biofuels (ASM)
Biofuels are produced through contemporary processes from biomass rather than geological processes involved in fossil fuel formation. Examples include biodiesel, green diesel, biogas, etc. Discover the latest research on biofuels in this feed.
Biodiversity Data
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level.Discover the latest research on biodiversity data here.