Spatial distribution and enrichment assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments from Baixada Santista, Southeastern Brazil

Marine Pollution Bulletin
Bianca Sung Mi KimRubens Cesar Lopes Figueira

Abstract

The Baixada Santista, besides being an important estuarine system, is responsible for most of the international trade and economic development in the region because of the Santos Port and the Cubatão Industrial Complex. The aim of this study is to assess heavy metal contamination of the Santos São Vicente Estuary using enrichment factors (EFs) and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs). Thus, superficial sediment samples were subjected to acid digestion and analyzed (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sc, V, and Zn) by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results indicated an absence of contamination, with the EFs indicating moderate enrichment. As and Pb presented higher enrichment probably due to the natural processes of weathering and sedimentation, and the influence of human activity. This conjoint analysis showed that potentially polluting activities are of concern as the highest values converge near the Cubatão Industrial Complex, which correspond to intense urbanization and industrial activity.

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Citations

Dec 19, 2016·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Yasir M AlyazichiHeidi Brown
Jan 27, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Maria Esther Suarez AlpireDaniel Araki Ribeiro
Apr 13, 2017·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Santosh Kumar SarkarJörg Rinklebe
Nov 28, 2017·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Zhen WangJianqiang Zhang
Jun 17, 2020·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Chao GuoYajiao Li
May 22, 2021·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Caroline Margonato CardosoDaniel Araki Ribeiro
Aug 11, 2020·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Vanessa Costa AndradeAna Júlia Fernandes Cardoso de Oliveira
Aug 25, 2021·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·José Lourenço Friedmann AngeliRubens Cesar Lopes Figueira

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