Spatial Heterogeneity of Leaf Wetness Duration in Apple Trees and Its Influence on Performance of a Warning System for Sooty Blotch and Flyspeck

Plant Disease
Jean C BatzerJ E B A Monteiro

Abstract

To determine the effect of sensor placement on the performance of a disease-warning system for sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS), we measured leaf wetness duration (LWD) at 12 canopy positions in apple trees, then simulated operation of the disease-warning system using LWD measurements from different parts of the canopy. LWD sensors were placed in four trees within one Iowa orchard during two growing seasons, and in one tree in each of four orchards during a single growing season. The LWD measurements revealed substantial heterogeneity among sensor locations. In all data sets, the upper, eastern portion of the canopy had the longest mean daily LWD, and was the first site to form dew and the last to dry. The lower, western portion of the canopy averaged about 3 h less LWD per day than the top of the canopy, and was the last zone where dew formed and the first to dry off. On about 25% of nights when dew occurred in the top of the canopy, no dew formed in the lower, western canopy. Intracanopy variability of LWD was more pronounced when dew was the sole source of wetness than on days when rainfall occurred. Daily LWD in the upper, eastern portion of the canopy was slightly less than reference measurements made at a 0.7-m height ove...Continue Reading

References

Mar 10, 2005·International Journal of Biometeorology·Paulo C SentelhasMário J Pedro
Jul 1, 2000·Plant Disease·Sharon M Williamson, Turner B Sutton
Oct 1, 1997·Plant Disease·Daniel R CooleyWesley R Autio

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