Spatially correlated extinctions select for less emigration but larger dispersal distances in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
Emanuel A FronhoferDries Bonte

Abstract

Dispersal is a central process to almost all species on earth, as it connects spatially structured populations and thereby increases population persistence. Dispersal is subject to (rapid) evolution and local patch extinctions are an important selective force in this context. In contrast to the randomly distributed local extinctions considered in most theoretical studies, habitat fragmentation or other anthropogenic interventions will lead to spatially correlated extinction patterns. Under such conditions natural selection is thought to lead to more long-distance dispersal, but this theoretical prediction has not yet been verified empirically. We test this prediction in experimental spatially structured populations of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae and supplement these empirical results with insights from an individual-based evolutionary model. We demonstrate that the spatial correlation of local extinctions changes the entire distribution of dispersal distances (dispersal kernel) and selects for overall less emigration but more long-distance dispersal.

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Citations

May 14, 2014·Die Naturwissenschaften·Hatsune Otsuki, Shuichi Yano
Jun 30, 2015·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Scott C BurgessRichard R Strathmann
Dec 3, 2014·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Emanuel A FronhoferUlf Dieckmann
Aug 4, 2018·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Sudipta TungSutirth Dey
Feb 6, 2019·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Meredith Cenzer, Leithen K M'Gonigle
Aug 5, 2017·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Marjo SaastamoinenMaria Del Mar Delgado
Dec 13, 2017·Ecology Letters·Katrien Van PetegemDries Bonte
Jul 30, 2020·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Abhishek MishraSutirth Dey

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