Spatially Specific Changes in Infants' Muscle Coactivity as They Learn to Reach

Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies
J P Spencer, E Thelen

Abstract

Infants first reach out and touch objects between the ages of 3 and 5 months. This article reports changes in muscle coactivity associated with this transition. A group of 4 infants were observed weekly from 3 to 30 weeks and every 2 weeks from 30 to 52 weeks. Hand kinematics of both prereaching and reaching movements were collected, as was electromyographic activity from the trapezius, deltoid, biceps, and triceps. Before infants first reached for toys presented at midline, they used biceps and triceps to move their hands near the toy in front of them and 45° to the side of midline. After the transition, they used trapezius and deltoid to move the hand toward the toy and combinations of multiple muscles when their arms were high and extended near the toy. Thus, infants showed a dramatic change in which muscles worked together across the transition to reaching, even though their hands moved in similar spatial regions.

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Citations

Mar 12, 2015·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Jaya RachwaniMarjorie H Woollacott
Sep 2, 2005·Developmental Psychobiology·James C Cole Galloway
Jul 21, 2004·Child Development·Michele A LoboGeert J P Savelsbergh
Jul 23, 2004·Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics·Susan V Duff, Jeanne Charles
Dec 13, 2005·Experimental Brain Research·Neil E Berthier, Rachel Keen
Nov 17, 2006·Child Development·John P SpencerGregor Schöner
Dec 10, 2016·Experimental Brain Research·Caspar AddymanDenis Mareschal
May 21, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Joshua L Williams, Daniela Corbetta
Feb 11, 2020·Journal of Motor Behavior·Mariana Vieira da FonsecaAline Martins de Toledo
Feb 10, 2011·Pediatric Physical Therapy : the Official Publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy Association·Victoria A MoerchenHeather L Hoefakker
Apr 12, 2012·Journal of Neurophysiology·Caroline TeulierBeverly D Ulrich

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