Spatio-temporal dynamics of calcium electrotransfer during cell membrane permeabilization

Drug Delivery and Translational Research
Alexis GuionetHamid Hosseini

Abstract

Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) are applied as physical stimuli for DNA/drug delivery, cancer therapy, gene transformation, and microorganism eradication. Meanwhile, calcium electrotransfer offers an interesting approach to treat cancer, as it induces cell death easier in malignant cells than in normal cells. Here, we study the spatial and temporal cellular responses to 10 μs duration PEFs; by observing real-time, the uptake of extracellular calcium through the cell membrane. The experimental setup consisted of an inverted fluorescence microscope equipped with a color high-speed framing camera and a specifically designed miniaturized pulsed power system. The setup allowed us to accurately observe the permeabilization of HeLa S3 cells during application of various levels of PEFs ranging from 0.27 to 1.80 kV/cm. The low electric field experiments confirmed the threshold value of transmembrane potential (TMP). The high electric field observations enabled us to retrieve the entire spatial variation of the permeabilization angle (θ). The temporal observations proved that after a minimal permeabilization of the cell membrane, the ionic diffusion was the prevailing mechanism of the delivery to the cell cytoplasm. The observations sugges...Continue Reading

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