Special radiobiological features of second cancer risk after particle radiotherapy

Physica Medica : PM : an International Journal Devoted to the Applications of Physics to Medicine and Biology : Official Journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
Klaus-Rüdiger Trott

Abstract

In absolute terms: second cancer risks from radiotherapy of first cancers in adults are small compared to the benefits from radiotherapy but this is not so for radiotherapy of childhood cancers. Moreover, the radiation dose dependence of cancer induction differs between organs and tissues. The organ-specific dose dependence of second cancer risks may indicate the existence of different radiobiological mechanisms. As an inevitable consequence of the age dependence of organ sensitivity to second cancer induction, the organ/tissue weighting factors which have been proposed by ICRP for calculating effective dose (the dose unit Sv) and for risk estimation in the general population should not be used in medical radiation exposures. In adult cancer radiotherapy, the most common unwanted effect is local tumour recurrence whereas both, severe late normal tissue damage and radiation-induced second cancers are rare, around 1% of locally controlled cancer patients. In childhood cancers, local failures are rare (<10% in some cancers) yet second cancers are more common than uncontrolled primaries. The main reason for considering particle radiotherapy for childhood cancers is the possibility to exploit their physical characteristics to reduce...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 6, 2018·The British Journal of Radiology·Tracy Sa Underwood, Stephen J McMahon
Dec 24, 2019·The British Journal of Radiology·Roger Antoine Hälg, Uwe Schneider
Oct 13, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Bleddyn Jones
Feb 27, 2021·Deutsches Ärzteblatt International·Ulrike HoellerTheodor Hans Eich
May 25, 2021·Deutsches Ärzteblatt International·Ulrike HoellerHans Theodor Eich

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