PMID: 8937888Nov 1, 1996Paper

Specific antibody responses to subtilisin Carlsberg (Alcalase) in mice: development of an intranasal exposure model

Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
M K RobinsonT T Kawabata

Abstract

An intranasal (i.n.) dosing model was developed in mice as a potential alternative to more difficult, time-consuming, and costly guinea pig intratracheal (GPIT) or mouse intratracheal models for assessment of the respiratory immunogenicity of detergent enzymes. Using a benchmark enzyme, Alcalase (protease subtilisin Carlsberg), studies were conducted to standardize the model in terms of mouse strain, dosing and serum harvest regimen, and the primary immunoglobulin endpoint to use. The primary assay endpoint selected was the enzyme-specific IgG1 titer determined by an Alcalase-specific ELISA. This is not the primary allergenic antibody in mice (IgE is); however, IgG1 is coregulated with IgE via the IL-4/TH2 pathway and may have a role in mediating allergic-type responses. BDF1 mice (C57B1/6 x DBA/2) were selected as representative of high responder strains, with high response associated with the H-2b (C57B1/6) parent. The dosing regimen used for most studies incorporated three i.n. exposures (Days 1, 3, and 10) and bleeding of the animals on Day 15. The animals were anesthetized and then immunized by allowing them to inhale 5-microliters aliquots of dosing solution into each nostril at each immunization. Positioning of the anima...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 19, 2000·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·S K ClausenG D Nielsen
Feb 4, 1998·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·J HiltonI Kimber
Oct 3, 1999·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·L Blaikie, D A Basketter
Oct 3, 1999·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·L Blaikie, D A Basketter
Mar 21, 2000·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·R J DearmanI Kimber
Apr 28, 2007·Toxicology Letters·Søren Thor Larsen, Gunnar Damgård Nielsen
Jan 24, 2007·Toxicology·Jitka Stilund HansenGunnar Damgård Nielsen
Jun 12, 2013·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Rebecca J DearmanIan Kimber
Sep 28, 2005·Clinical Immunology : the Official Journal of the Clinical Immunology Society·Ailing XueChella S David
Feb 19, 2014·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Ian Kimber, David A Basketter
Jun 12, 2013·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·S M KriegerJ A Hotchkiss
Oct 25, 2011·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·David A Basketter, Ian Kimber
Mar 2, 2012·Journal of Immunotoxicology·David BasketterBeth Concoby
Nov 5, 1997·Human & Experimental Toxicology·I KimberD D Metcalfe
Apr 29, 2020·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·Mario Di GioacchinoLuca Di Giampaolo
Nov 9, 2000·Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·M K SchweigertK Sarlo
Mar 16, 2000·Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·F WidmerR K Kumar
Jun 5, 2007·Indoor Air·G D NielsenP Wolkoff
Apr 17, 2015·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Esther FlorsheimMomtchilo Russo
Sep 4, 2004·International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology·X D ZhangT Y Jin

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
T T KawabataP A Horn
Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
L Blaikie, D A Basketter
The Journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine
C P Juniper, D M Roberts
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved