Spectrophotometric assays for measuring redox biomarkers in blood and tissues: the NADPH network

Redox Report : Communications in Free Radical Research
Aristidis S VeskoukisMichalis G Nikolaidis

Abstract

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH) along with its phosphorylated form (NADP+/NADPH) are two molecules ubiquitously present in all organisms, and they play key roles as cofactors in fundamental catabolic and anabolic processes, respectively. The oxidation of NADPH to NADP+ initiates a cascade of reactions, where a network of molecules is implicated. The molecules of this cascade form a network with eminent translational potential in redox metabolism. A special point of interest is that spectrophotometric assays have been developed both for NADH/NADPH and the molecules directly regulated by them. Therefore, crucial molecules of the NADPH-dependent redox network can be measured, and the results can be used to assess the bioenergetic and/or oxidative stress status. The main aim of this review is to collectively present the NADPH-related molecules, namely NADPH, NADH, NAD+ kinase, NADPH oxidase, peroxiredoxin, thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and nitric oxide synthase, that can be measured in blood and tissues with the use of a spectrophotometer, which is probably the most simple, inexpensive and widely used tool in biochemistry. We are providing the researchers with reliable and valid spectrophotometric assays for the...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 8, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Olivier BraissantGernot Bonkat
Nov 3, 2021·Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology·Ting LiuJiang Zheng
Nov 19, 2021·Chemical Society Reviews·Wenhui JiWei Huang

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