Spectroscopic and Molecular Modeling Investigation on the Interaction between Folic Acid and Bovine Lactoferrin from Encapsulation Perspectives

Foods
Iuliana AproduNicoleta Stănciuc

Abstract

The impact of thermal treatment on the ability of lactoferrin (FL) to bind folic acid (FA) was investigated by employing fluorescence spectroscopy, molecular dynamics and docking tests. The structural and conformational particularities of LF upon heating at 80 °C and 100 °C were first estimated based on the intrinsic fluorescence changes in respect to the native protein. The emission spectra indicated gradual unfolding events accompanied by Trp exposure with increasing temperature. In agreement with the experimental results, molecular modeling investigations showed that the secondary and tertiary structure of LF are slightly affected by the thermal treatment. Some minor unfolding events related particularly to the α-helical regions of LF were observed when the temperature increased to 100 °C. The LF fluorescence quenching upon FA addition indicated that a static mechanism stands behind LF-FA complex formation. Regardless of the simulated temperature, the hydrogen bonds played an important role in regulating the interaction between the protein and ligand. FA binding to LF equilibrated at different temperatures occurred spontaneously, and all complexes displayed good thermodynamic stability. The obtained results support the suita...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
fluorescence spectroscopy
Fluorescence
isothermal titration microcalorimetry
thermal treatment

Software Mentioned

LigPlot +
Gromos96
Gromacs
PDBsum
PDBePISA

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