Spectrum of CT findings in nonmalignant disease of the adrenal gland

Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc
A KawashimaS M Goldman

Abstract

Computed tomography (CT) plays a leading role in the evaluation of nonmalignant disease of the adrenal gland. CT is highly accurate in the localization of adrenal masses in patients with diseases associated with hyperfunctioning adrenal glands such as Cushing syndrome and Cushing disease, Conn syndrome, adrenal tumors leading to virilization or feminization, and pheochromocytomas. CT permits a specific diagnosis of acute or subacute adrenal hematoma and myelolipoma. Hematomas are round to oval and have increased attenuation (50-90 HU) that decreases on follow-up CT scans. Myelolipomas typically manifest as a well-defined suprarenal mass with an attenuation of-30 to -115 HU. Adrenal cysts are usually round to oval and manifest as a hypoattenuating mass with a smooth, thin wall. CT is useful in the evaluation of patients with Addison disease, particularly the subacute form secondary to tuberculosis or disseminated histoplasmosis. Findings typically include bilateral adrenal enlargement with a central necrotic area of hypoattenuation and peripheral enhancement. Thin-section unenhanced CT permits accurate measurement of attenuation and can be used to differentiate adrenal adenoma from metastasis in a cancer patient with an indeterm...Continue Reading

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