Speed of the bacterial flagellar motor near zero load depends on the number of stator units.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Ashley L NordRichard M Berry

Abstract

The bacterial flagellar motor (BFM) rotates hundreds of times per second to propel bacteria driven by an electrochemical ion gradient. The motor consists of a rotor 50 nm in diameter surrounded by up to 11 ion-conducting stator units, which exchange between motors and a membrane-bound pool. Measurements of the torque-speed relationship guide the development of models of the motor mechanism. In contrast to previous reports that speed near zero torque is independent of the number of stator units, we observe multiple speeds that we attribute to different numbers of units near zero torque in both Na+- and H+-driven motors. We measure the full torque-speed relationship of one and two H+ units in Escherichia coli by selecting the number of H+ units and controlling the number of Na+ units in hybrid motors. These experiments confirm that speed near zero torque in H+-driven motors increases with the stator number. We also measured 75 torque-speed curves for Na+-driven chimeric motors at different ion-motive force and stator number. Torque and speed were proportional to ion-motive force and number of stator units at all loads, allowing all 77 measured torque-speed curves to be collapsed onto a single curve by simple rescaling.

References

Dec 23, 1988·Science·D F Blair, H C Berg
Nov 1, 1993·Biophysical Journal·H C Berg, L Turner
Feb 7, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·R M Berry, H C Berg
Feb 21, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·B E ScharfH C Berg
Feb 2, 2000·Biophysical Journal·X Chen, H C Berg
Mar 12, 2003·Journal of Molecular Biology·Yukako AsaiMichio Homma
Mar 29, 2003·Journal of Molecular Biology·Yoshiyuki SowaAkihiko Ishijima
Jul 15, 2003·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Christopher V Gabel, Howard C Berg
Oct 7, 2005·Nature·Yoshiyuki SowaRichard M Berry
May 16, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Stuart W ReidRichard M Berry
Aug 12, 2006·Science·Eric BetzigHarald F Hess
Sep 15, 2006·Nature·Mark C LeakeJudith P Armitage
Nov 23, 2007·Journal of Molecular Biology·Manami HashimotoShin-ichi Aizawa
Jan 19, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Junhua Yuan, Howard C Berg
Jan 22, 2008·Journal of Molecular Biology·Yuichi InoueAkihiko Ishijima
Sep 25, 2008·Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics·Yoshiyuki Sowa, Richard M Berry
Jan 10, 2009·Journal of Molecular Biology·Shuichi NakamuraKeiichi Namba
Jan 28, 2009·Molecular Microbiology·Anja PaulickKai M Thormann
Feb 3, 2009·Molecular Microbiology·Hajime FukuokaMichio Homma
Apr 23, 2009·Biophysical Journal·Fan BaiJianhua Xing
May 21, 2010·Biophysical Journal·Junhua Yuan, Howard C Berg
Jul 10, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Junhua YuanHoward C Berg
Dec 8, 2010·The Review of Scientific Instruments·Yoshiyuki SowaRichard M Berry
Apr 24, 2012·Journal of Bacteriology·Mostyn T BrownRichard M Berry
Dec 12, 2012·Molecular Microbiology·Murray J TippingJudith P Armitage
Jun 22, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Chien-Jung LoRichard M Berry
Jul 3, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Pushkar P LeleHoward C Berg
Aug 22, 2013·MBio·Murray J TippingJudith P Armitage
Feb 20, 2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yoshiyuki SowaRichard M Berry
Mar 3, 2015·Molecular Microbiology·Anja PaulickKai M Thormann
Apr 1, 2015·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ryan BoschertDavid F Blair
Mar 16, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Morgan BeebyDavid R Hendrixson
Aug 11, 2016·Biophysical Journal·Jasmine A NirodyGeorge Oster

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 3, 2019·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Jasmine A NirodyRichard M Berry
Jul 25, 2019·Biomolecules·Shuichi Nakamura, Tohru Minamino
Jul 1, 2020·Annual Review of Microbiology·Judith P Armitage, Richard M Berry
Feb 13, 2018·Biomicrofluidics·Justas DauparasEric Lauga
May 29, 2019·Annual Review of Microbiology·Sundharraman Subramanian, Daniel B Kearns
Oct 15, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yoshiaki KinositaRichard M Berry
Apr 19, 2021·Trends in Microbiology·Yunjie ChangJun Liu
May 2, 2021·Nature Microbiology·Steven JohnsonSusan M Lea
Sep 30, 2021·Chemical Reviews·Lee PriestPhilipp Kukura
Dec 14, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Tsai-Shun LinChien-Jung Lo

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Yoshiyuki SowaRichard M Berry
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved