Spexin and a Novel Cichlid-Specific Spexin Paralog Both Inhibit FSH and LH Through a Specific Galanin Receptor (Galr2b) in Tilapia.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
Yaron CohenBerta Levavi-Sivan

Abstract

Spexin (SPX) is a 14 amino acid peptide hormone that has pleiotropic functions across vertebrates, one of which is involvement in the brain-pituitary-gonad axis of fish. SPX(1) has been identified in each class of vertebrates, and a second SPX (named SPX2) has been found in some non-mammalian species. We have cloned two spexin paralogs, designated as Spx1a and Spx1b, from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) that have varying tissue distribution patterns. Spx1b is a novel peptide only identified in cichlid fish, and is more closely related to Spx1 than Spx2 homologs as supported by phylogenetic, synteny, and functional analyses. Kisspeptin, Spx, and galanin (Gal) peptides and their corresponding kiss receptors and Gal receptors (Galrs), respectively, are evolutionarily related. Cloning of six tilapia Galrs (Galr1a, Galr1b, Galr2a, Galr2b, Galr type 1, and Galr type 2) and subsequent in vitro second-messenger reporter assays for Gαs, Gαq, and Gαi suggests that Gal and Spx activate Galr1a/Galr2a and Galr2b, respectively. A decrease in plasma follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone concentrations was observed with injections of Spx1a or Spx1b in vivo. Additionally, application of Spx1a and Spx1b to pituitary slices de...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 12, 2020·Theriogenology·Didier LometHugues Dardente
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Lian Hollander-CohenBerta Levavi-Sivan

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
MN399812
MN614147

Methods Mentioned

BETA
Transgenic
PCR
glycosylation
PCRs
ELISAs
transfections
ELISA

Software Mentioned

NetNGlyc
Microcal Origin
MUSCLE
tblasn
BioNJ
Mega7
WinWCP
Ensembl
Graph
TMHMM

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