Spike-wave discharges in absence epilepsy: segregation of electrographic components reveals distinct pathways of seizure activity.

The Journal of Physiology
Jonas TerlauAnnika Lüttjohann

Abstract

The major electrophysiological hallmarks of absence seizures are spike and wave discharges (SWDs), consisting of a sharp spike component and a slow wave component. In a widely accepted scheme, these components are functionally coupled and reflect an iterative progression of neuronal excitation during the spike and post-excitatory silence during the wave. In a genetic rat model of absence epilepsy, local pharmacological inhibition of the centromedian thalamus (CM) selectively suppressed the spike component, leaving self-contained waves in epidural recordings. Thalamic inputs induced activity in cortical microcircuits underlying the spike component, while intracortical oscillations generated the wave component. Based on these findings, we propose a model in which oscillatory waves provide adequate time windows for integration of thalamocortical inputs and feedback responses during generation of a synchronized SWD. Spike and wave discharges (SWDs) are the electrographic hallmark of absence seizures and the major diagnostic criterion for childhood absence epilepsy (CAE). In a widely accepted scheme, the alternating sequence of spikes and waves reflects an iterative progression of neuronal excitation during the spike component and p...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 3, 2020·The Journal of Physiology·Gilles van Luijtelaar
Sep 30, 2020·PloS One·T M MedvedevaI V Sysoev
Mar 18, 2021·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Anastasia BrodovskayaJaideep Kapur

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