Sponge systematics facing new challenges

Advances in Marine Biology
P CárdenasN Boury-Esnault

Abstract

Systematics is nowadays facing new challenges with the introduction of new concepts and new techniques. Compared to most other phyla, phylogenetic relationships among sponges are still largely unresolved. In the past 10 years, the classical taxonomy has been completely overturned and a review of the state of the art appears necessary. The field of taxonomy remains a prominent discipline of sponge research and studies related to sponge systematics were in greater number in the Eighth World Sponge Conference (Girona, Spain, September 2010) than in any previous world sponge conferences. To understand the state of this rapidly growing field, this chapter proposes to review studies, mainly from the past decade, in sponge taxonomy, nomenclature and phylogeny. In a first part, we analyse the reasons of the current success of this field. In a second part, we establish the current sponge systematics theoretical framework, with the use of (1) cladistics, (2) different codes of nomenclature (PhyloCode vs. Linnaean system) and (3) integrative taxonomy. Sponges are infamous for their lack of characters. However, by listing and discussing in a third part all characters available to taxonomists, we show how diverse characters are and that new...Continue Reading

Citations

May 5, 2012·PloS One·Rob W M Van SoestJohn N A Hooper
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Dec 18, 2013·The Journal of Heredity·UNKNOWN GIGA Community of ScientistsXin Zhou
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Apr 23, 2015·Frontiers in Zoology·Christine Morrow, Paco Cárdenas
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